Petr​ochemical Applications​

​Technical Papers
​Fast Gas Chromatography used Heated Headspace Gas Autosampling Techniques: Polyethylene Pellets, Product Purity Analysis
​Fast Process Gas Chromatography Implementations in Refining and Petrochemical Plants​

Application Notes
Catalyst Reaction Monitoring (Chemical)
Catalyst Reaction Monitoring (Hydrocarbon Processing)
​Methyl Acetylene and Propadiene in Ethylene Process
​Propylene Oligomers
​Sulfur Compounds in Propylene
​Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons​



Industry (Facility)
​Service
​Parameter
​Range
​Background
​Teledyne M​odel

​​​​​​Ethyl Benzene / Skyrene Monomer​

Raytheon Badger, ABB Lummas
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​Styrene Vent Gas

​PPM Oxygen 

​0-2,000 ppm O2

​H2/N2/CO2/mix

3000TB / 3020T

​Transalkylation regen gas

​Percent Oxygen

​0-15% O2

​O2/N2/CO/CO2

3000PB / 3020P

​Percent CO / Percent CO2

​0-20% CO
0-20% CO2

​O2/N2/CO/CO2

​7500Z (Z-purged)

​Stacked Gas (2-4 sets)

​Percent O2

​0-5% O2

​Flue Gas

​9060Z ZrO2

​Stripped Condensate

​Hydrocarbons

​0-10 ppm HC

​Condensate (H2O)

6650SP​

​Cooled Condensate

​Hydrocarbons

​0-100 ppm HC

​Condensate (H2O)

6650SP​

​EB recycle stream

​PPM H2O (L)

​0-300 ppm H2O

​Benzene

​​5020 (NIR)

Polystyrene

DOW

​Headspace of styrene tanks
(special Teledyne probe applied)

​Percent O2

​0-5% O2

​N2 / Styrene Vapors

InstaTrans-XD​
(6 to 12 pts)

​​​Ethylene Oxide / Ethylene Glycol

Scientific Design



​Ethylene feed / Reactor inlet and reactor outlet

​Percent C2H4

​0-20%, 0-40% C2H4

​CO2/AR/CH4

7320​ / 7500Z

​Ethylene feed / Reactor inlet and reactor outlet

​Percent O2

​0-10%, 0-25% O2

​CO2/AR/CH4

​3020M
(Paramagnetic)

​Ethylene glycol product

​Percent H2O (L)

​0-5% H2O

​Ethylene glycol

​​5020

​​Acetone / Phenol / Cumene

M.W. Kellogg



Oxidizer vent gas (No. 1 & 2)

​Percent O2

​0-10%, 0-25% O2

​N2, Cumene, H2O

​3020P / 3020M (Paramagnetic spec)
(total of 4 sets required)

​Recycle compressor drum gas

​Percent H2

​50-100% H2

​N2, CH4

2020

Acetone product to storage

​Percent H2O (L)

​0-0.5%, 0-5% H2O (L)

​Acetone

5020 (NIR)

​Heavy ends fired boiler

​Percent O2

​0-5% O2

​Flue Gas

​9060Z ZrO2

​​​​​​​EDC / VCM

B.F. Goodrich








Absorber vent gas

​Percent O2

​0-5% O2

​CO2/H2O/CL2/HCL

​Htd Paramagnetic required

​Stripper vent gas

​Percent O2

​0-5% O2

​CO2/H2O/CL2/HCL

​Htd Paramagnetic required

​VCM vent gas

​PPM O2

​0-10 / 0-100 PPM O2

​VCM (G)

​3020T

​H2O in EDC

​PPM H2O (L)

​0-50 / 0-200 PPM H2O

​EDC (pure)

5020 (NIR)
Typically 4 to 5 sets

​CL2 in EDC

​PPM CL2 (L)

​0-1,000 PPM CL2

​EDC (pure)

6020 UV

​​H2O in TCE/PCE
Oxyhydrochlorination route vent gas
​ ​

​Percent CO

​0-20%

​N2/CO2/C2H4

7320​7500Z​

​Percent CO2

​0-20%

​N2/CO2/C2H4

7320​7500Z​

​Percent C2H4

​0-40%

​N2/CO2/C2H4

7320​7500Z

​Acrylonitrite

B.P. Chemical


​Product storage inhibitor

​PPM / Percent H2O (L)

​0-2,000 ppm,
0-1%

​Acrlonitrile (pure)

5020 (NIR)

​Product storage inhibitor

​Methylhydroquinone

​0-100 PPM MEHQ (L)

​Acrylonitrile (pure)

6020 (UV)

Product storage / N2 blanket

​Percent O2

​0-10% O2

​AcryloVapors + N2

3000TB (Div 2) / 3020T

​MethylMethacrylate

ICI

​ACH vent blower - safety​

​Percent O2

​0-5% O2
(Alarm @ 2%)

​N2+HCN+Acetone

3000TB (Div 2) / 3020T

​​​​​​​​Acetic Acid

B.P. Chemical








​Reactor system - liquid effluent

​Percent H2O (L)

​0-20%

​Acetic acid - HOAC

​5020 (NIR)

​Drying column - side

​Percent H2O (L)

​0-20%

​Acetic acid - HOAC

5020 (NIR)​

​Drying column - bottoms

​PPM H2O

​0-1,500 ppm

​Acetic acid - HOAC

5020 (NIR)​

​​Flare Gas Header

​PPM methyl iodide

​0-1,000 PPM

​CO/CO2/N2/H2

6020 (UV)

​Combined off gas

​PPM methyl iodide

​0-1,000 PPM 

​CO/CO2/N2/H2

6020 (UV)​

​Percent H2

​0-30%

​CO/CO2/N2/H2

2020 (TCD)

​Promoter off gas

​Percent H2

​0-30%

​CO/CO2/N2/H2

2020 (TCD)​

​Steam Condensate / Leaving plant


​PPM Hydrocarbons

​0-10 ppm

​Condensate (H2O)

6650SP​) / 4020 (FID) + 1100A

​PPM O2

​0-150 ppm

​CO (90%)

3000TB (Div 2) / 3020T

​​​​Titanium Dioxide

DuPont; Kronos; Kemira; Kerr-McGee; SCM Chemicals




​Chlorinator exit gas

​PPM CL2

​0-1,000 ppm

​TiCL/N2/CO2

6000 (UV)

Stack vent gas

​PPM CL2

​0-500 ppm

​CO2/N2/CO

​6000 (UV)​

​Stack vent gas

​PPM SO2

​0-500 ppm

​CO2/N2/CO

​6000 (UV)​

​Process

​PPM Vanadium (L)

​0-10 ppm

​CCL4

​6000 (UV)​

​​​​​​​Ammonia / Urea Fertilizer Plants

Snamprogetti; M.W. Kellog







​Primary and secondary reformer outlet

​Percent CH4 - 3 sets

​0-0.5% up to 0-20%

​H2/CO2/CO/N2

7500Z (NDIR)​

​HTS/LTS shift converter outlet

​Percent CO - 2 sets

​0-0.5% up to 0-5%

​H2/CO2/CO/N2

7500Z (NDIR)

​Absorber outlet

​Percent CO2 - 2 sets

​0-0.3% and 0-1.5%

​H2/CO2/CO/N2

7500Z (NDIR)

​Methanator and NH3 converter out​let



​Percent H2 - 2 sets

​50-100%

​N2 / CH4

2020 (TCD)

​Percent O2 - 2 sets

​0-0.5% O2

​N2/H2/CO2

​3020M Paramagnetic

​CO2 Feed to urea plant

​Percent O2

​0-1%

​CO2/H2/N2/Ar

3000 Series​

​Stack Gas

​Percent O2 - 2 sets

​0-5% and 0-10% O2

​N2/CO2/O2/H2Ov

​9060Z ZrO2

​Treated Wastewater

​Oil / Hydrocarbons

​0-150 ppm

​Water

6650SP​

​Vinyl Chloro Monomer (VCM)

​Inlet of recovered VCM compressor

​Percent O2

​0-1 and 0-5%

​VCM (96%), H2Ov

​​3020T​

​Polypropylene (PP)

Himont Processes

1. Homopolymer

​N2 blanketing appls
- Powder transfer conveying
- Systems and storage silos

​Percent and PPM O2

​0-1% and 0-10 ppm O2

​N2

​3020P and 3020T

​2. Random copolymer

​Pelletizing building

​Percent oxygen

​0-1 and 0-5% O2

​N2

InstaTrans-XD​- 4 system

​3. Impact copolymer

​Ethylene and propylene feeds

​PPM O2

​0-10 PPM

​Ethylene / Propylene

3000TB (Div 2) / 3020T

​​Amoco PP Process



​Maintain powder conveying

​O2

​0-1% O2

​N2

​3020P

​Recycle gas - 4 sets

​O2

​0-1, 0-10, 0-100 ppm

​Propylene

​3020T

​Extruder inlet (mixed feed chute)

​O2

​0-1%

​N2

3020P

​​​​​​Maleic Anhydride (MAN)

Huntsman Corp






​Reactor feed duct to mixer

​Butane

​0-3%

​N2, H2Ov

7500Z (NDIR)
Z-purged

​H2Ov

​0-5%

​N2, Butane

7320​ (NDIR)

​​​Reactor off-gas / switch cooler
​ ​

​Butane

​0-1%

​HC/CO/CO2/N2

​7500Z (NDIR)​
Z-purged

​CO / CO2

​0-2% / 0-2%

​HC/CO/CO2/N2

​7500Z (NDIR)
Z-purged

​Maleic Anhydride

​0-2%

​HC/CO/CO2/N2

6000 (UV)

​Incinerator Stack

​O2 / CH4

​0-25% O2 / 0-15 ppm

​N2/CO2/CO/H2Ov

​7500Z (NDIR)
Z-purged

​​​​Butadiene





​Oxygen in vent vapor

​O2

​0-1,000 ppm

​N2 / Trace styrene

​3020T

​O2 in Butadiene product

​O2

​0-30 ppm

​Butadiene

​3020T​

​Process vent - 2 sets

​O2

​0-1,000 ppm

​N2 / Hexane

3020T​

​Above bed #4 of main washer

​1, 3 Butadiene

​0-70%

​Multihydrocarbons

7320​ NDIR

​Above bed #4 of rectifier

​Cis-2-Butene

​0-10%

​Multihydrocarbons

7320​ NDIR

​BASF

​Butadiene extraction solvent recovery process

​H2O (L)

​0-10%

​NMP solvent
N-methylpyrolidone

​5020 NIR

​Nippon Zeon

​Butadiene Extraction

​H2O (L)

​0-300 / 0-3,000 ppm H2O

​DMF Dimethyl formamide

5020 NIR​

​​​​​​Polycarbonate

DOW Chemical



​Product conveying system

​Percent O2

​0-5% / 0-10% O2

​N2 blanket gas

InstaTrans-XD
(percent; 15-30 points)

​Phosgene in N2 atmosphere

​PPM COCL2

​0-100 / 0-1,000 ppm 

​N2 / CO

7500Z NDIR
3 sets

​NaOH in water

​Percent NaOH

​0-12%

​H2O

Series 5000 NIR
2 sets

​Bisphenol-A in water

​Bisphenol-A

​0-25, 0-100 ppm

​H2O / NaCl

Series 6000 UV
2 sets

​Hexamethylene Diamine

Dupont

Tank car headspace / N2 blanketing

​PPM - Percent

​0-1,000 ppm, 0-1%

​N2 / HMD vapors

​3000TB (Div 2) or 3020T (for trace) / 3020P (for percent)

​Butyl Rubber Plant

​Water in MethylChloride

​PPM H2O

​0-1,000 and 0-5,000 ppm

​MethylChloride

​5020 (NIR)

​Synthetic Rubber

Nippon Zeon / ZETPOL

​Water in Acetone

​PPM H2O

​0-5,000 ppm

​Acetone

5020 (NIR)​

​Tert-Butyl Alcohol

UOP

​Water in Tert​-Butyl Alcohol

​Percent H2O

​0-50%

​T-Butyl Alcohol

5020 (NIR)​

​Copolymers

Eastman Chemical

​PTA dust explosion monitor

​Percent O2

​0-10% O2

​N2

3020P

​O2 in vacuum pump seal tank off gas

​Percent O2

​0-5%, 0-10%

​N2

3020P​

​​​​​Pure Terephthalic Acid (PTA)

Amoco, Eastman, ICI






​​Oxidation reactor - safety
​​

​Percent O2

​0-10% O2

​CO2/H2Ov/HOAC

3020P​
(4 - 6 sets)

​Percent CO2

​0-10% / 0-20% CO2

​O2/H2Ov/HOAC

7320​ / 7500Z (NDIR)

​Percent CO

​0-1%

​HOAC = Acetic Acid

7500Z

​After catalytic oxidation reactor

​PPM Hydrocarbons

​0-30 ppm

​N2/O2

4020 system
(X-purged)

​Pneumatic conveying system and PTA storage silos

​Percent O2

​0-10%

​N2/Trace HOAC

InstaTrans-XD​ / 3300PB

​​​Stack gas application / CEM




​PPM NOX

​0-500 ppm

​Flue Gas

9110TH

​Percent O2

​0-5%

​Flue Gas

​9060Z

​​PET Polyethylene Terephthalate Resin


​N2 blanketing / Amorphous

​PPM O2

​0-10 ppm

​N2  blanketing gas

​3000TA

​Upgrade of PET chips

​PPM hydrocarbons

​0-10 ppm

​N2 blanketing gas

4020

Nylon 6, 6

E.I. DuPont

​Transfer conveying system and storage - N2 blanketing

​PPM O2

​0-10 / 0-100 ppm

​N2

​3000TBC
8 sets or sequenced solution

​Polyester Filament Yarn


​Slurry mix tank (PTA + glycol)

​Percent H2O in MEG (L)

​0-5%

​Monoethyleneglycl

​5020 (NIR)

​Percent H2O (L)

​0-2%

​MEG + PTA

​5020 (NIR)​

​Distillation column - bottoms

​Percent H2O (L)

​0-5%

​MEG

​5020 (NIR)​

​Chlorine Manufacturing

Mercury Cell Type

Electrolysis of NaCl + H2O​

​PPM O2

​0-10 / 0-100 ppm

​H2 (99%)

​3020P

​PPB Hg

​0-100 ppb

​H2 (99%)

​​Series 6000 (UV)​

​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Toluene Di-Isocyanate (TDI) or Methyl Diphenylene Isocyanate (MDI)

Chematur, BASF, Bayer


















​​​​H2 section of plant

​H2 purity feed

​Percent H2

​90-100%

​CH4

​2000 / 2020 (TCD)

​H2 purity feed

​PPM CO

​0-10

​H2

7500Z (NDIR)

​H2 in off gas

​Percent H2

​50-100%

​N2 / CH4

2000 / 2020 (TCD)

​​​​COCL2 section of plant

​H2 in CO Feed Gas

​Percent H2

​0-1%

​CO

2000 / 2020 (TCD)

​O2 in CO Feed Gas

​Percent O2

​0-1%

​CO

​3000PB

​H2O in CO Feed Gas

​PPM H2O

​0-1,200 ppm

​CO

5000 (NIR)

​CO Purity of CO in Feed Gas

​Percent CO

​90-100%

​H2/O2/CO2/N2

7320 (suppressed range)

​CO in COCL2 (after CO+CL2)

​Percent CO

​0-30%

​COCL2/HCL/CO2

7320​ (NDIR)

​CL in COCL2 (after CO+CL2)

PPM CL2

​0-1,000 ppm

​COCL2/HCL/CO2

Series 6000 (UV)

​H2O in CL2 Feed Gas

​PPM H2O

​0-1,000 ppm

​CL2 (99.5%)

​5000

​​​​TDI section of plant

​COCL2 in Reaction Gas

​Percent COCL2

​0-100%

​HCL/CO/CCL4

7320​ (NDIR)
​3 sets

​HCL in Reaction Gas

​Percent HCL

​0-100%

​COCL/CO/CCL4

7320​ (NDIR)

​CCL4 in  Reaction Gas

​Percent CCL4

​0-15%

​COCL/HCL/CO

7320​ (NDIR)

​H2O in Reaction Gas

​PPM H2O

​0-500 ppm

​COCL/HCL/CO

5000 (NIR)

​NCO in recovered ODCB

​PPM NCO

​0-1,000 ppm

​ODCB (99.5%)

5000 (NIR)

​COCL2 in stack vent gas

​PPM COCL2

​0-1,000 ppm

​Air

Series 6000 (UV)

​​​​​​​​​Ethylene Plant

ABB, M.W. Kellogg









​Charge/Preheater Flue Gas

​Percent O2

​0-5 / 0-10%

​N2/CO/CO2/H2Ov

9060Z ZrO2
(5-10 sets)

​PPM CO

​0-100 ppm

​N2/CO/CO2/H2Ov

​7500Z (NDIR)
(5-10 sets)

​H2S in Hydrocarbons

​PPM H2S

​0-200 pm

​ Ethane

​​Series 6000 (UV)

​Percent O2 in mixed and exhaust air

​Percent O2

​0-5%

​N2

Series 3000P

​Ethylene Product

​PPM O2

​0-1 ppm

​Ethylene

Series 3000TA-XL

​H2 Purification Unit (PSA unit)

​PPM CO/CH4/CO2

​0-10 ppm

​H2

7500Z (NDIR)

​H2 Purification Unit (PSA unit)

​PPM O2

​0-10 ppm

​H2

Series 3000

​Ethane Recycle

​Percent Ethylene C2H4

​0-5%

​C2H6 - Ethane

7500Z (NDIR)

​Propane Recycle

​Percent Propylene C3H6

​0-10%

​C3H8 - Propane

7500Z (NDIR)​

​Oil in boiler steam condensate

​PPM Oil

​0-5 / 0-10 ppm

​​Condensate

6650SP​

​Polyethylene (LLDPE)

Union carbide, UNIPOL Process

​Ethylene feed, H2 feed, N2 feed, Butene/Hexane feed

(Analyzed before and after the De-Oxo purification units for each feed stream prior to being fed to reactor)

​PPM O2

​0-0.2 to 0-10 ppm

​C2H4, H2, N2

Series 3000
(4 to 6 sets)

​Mastermix / Feed hopper vent

​Percent O2

​0-10%

​N2

Series 3000
 (2 sets)

​​​​​​​​​​Polyethylene (LLDPE)

BP Chemical, Gas Phase Process










​​​​​Prepolmerization Process Pts

​Vent of N2 / solvent separator

​​PPM O2



​0-10 ppm

​​N2/HC

Series 3000​


​Prepolymer to storage conveyor

​0-10 / 0-1,000 ppm

​Prepolymer to reactor conveyor

​​​​Polymerization Process Pts

​Primary degasser

​​​​PPM O2








​​​0-10 / 0-1,000 ppm






​​​​N2/HC








​​​Series 3000​







​Filter vent in recovery loop

​Fluidized bed gas compressors

​Discharge of conveyor blower

​MPN / HPN vent header

​0-0.2 ppm

3000TA-XL

​Air drying package outlet

​Percent O2

​0-25%

​Air

Series 3000P

​​​​​​Polyethylene (LLDPE)​

Phillips Petroleum






​Catalyst activator

​​PPM O2


0-100 / 0-1,000 ppm

​N2

​​Series 3000T



​Reactor settling leg

​0-100 ppm

​H2

​N2 blower package

​0-1,000 ppm

​N2 + H.C. vapor

​Extruder

​Percent O2

​0-20%

​N2

Series 3000P

​Reactor - N2 line

​PPM HC

​0-10 / 0-100

​N2

4020 (X-purge)

​Aromatics

​Charge heater, Naphtha splitter reboiler heater, product fractionator charge heater, etc.

​Percent O2

​0-5%

​Flue gas

9060Z (ZrO2
7-14 sets 
(extractive in-situ)

​UOP

​Catalyst regeneration

​Percent O2

​0-5%

​Flue gas

3110P and sample system

​​​BTX or Paraxylene



​Product separator

​Percent H2

​50-100%

​CH4 + HC's

​​2020



​Recycle gas

​Life gas line / N2 header and surge hopper

​Percent HC - Percent H2

​15% HC to 1% H2

​N2, H2, HC

​LP stream condensate

​PPM Oil

​0-10 ppm

​Condensate

6650SP​

​​​​​​​​​Caprolactum

Stamicarbon, Zimmer










​O2 in Cyclohexane vapor

​Percent O2

​0-10%

​Cyclohexane / N2

​​​Series 3000​ 
(5 pts, 2 systems)

​CO in Cyclohexane vapor

​Percent CO

​0-8%



7500Z (Z-purged)

​​Nitrogen oxide feed line

​Percent NO

​70-100%

​NO, N2, N2O

7320 (NDIR)

​Percent N2O

​0-2%

7500Z (Z-purged)

​H2 Purity

​Percent H2

​70-100%

​N2 (ppm CH4, CO)

2020​

​PPM CO

​0-50 ppm

​H2

7500Z (Z-purged)

​​Feed gas / Off gas

​Percent H2

​40-100%

​​N2, N2O, NO

2020​

​Percent NO

​0-40%

​N2, N2O H2

7500Z (Z-purged)

​Percent N2O

​0-20%

​N2, NO, H2

​O2 in off gas

​Percent O2

​0-6%

​N2, CO + ppm HC

Series 3000​

​O2 in and from off gas reactor

​Percent O2

​0-6%

​​N2, CO2, CO

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